+2 bonus to attack rolls; AC bonus from defender’s Shield (if any) negated.

A blinded creature is unable to attack.

Flying creatures can pick up rocks or other objects and drop them from above.
Altitude: At most 300′.
Chance to hit: 16 or higher on 1d20.
Affected area and damage: Judged by the referee, based on the bomb’s size—larger creatures can carry larger bombs. For example, a bomb from a flying creature able to carry a human might inflict 2d6 damage to all creatures hit in a 10′ × 10′ area.

Some monsters can only be harmed by magical or silver weapons. The referee may allow such monsters to also be harmed by attacks from:

• Another invulnerable monster.
• A monster with 5 HD or greater.

Helpless opponents, such as those magically paralysed or frozen, can be automatically hit in melee. Only a roll for damage is required.

The referee should judge the number of opponents that can attack a single combatant, bearing in mind the combatant’s size and the available space around them.
10′ passage: Enough space for at most 2–3 characters to fight side-by-side.

Characters that wish to subdue an intelligent opponent can declare the intent to attack without killing.
Blunt blows: Only bludgeoning attacks can be made. Bladed melee weapons can deal blunt blows by attacking with the flat side, rather than the sharp edge.
Subdual damage: Attack and damage rolls are handled normally, but subdual damage is noted separately from actual damage.
Effect at 0hp: An intelligent character or monster reduced to 0 hit points due to subdual damage will surrender, realising that its opponent could have killed it.

Attack rolls: Unarmed combat is handled the same as melee combat.
Damage: Unarmed attacks inflict 1d2 damage, modified by STR.

Characters on an unstable surface, such as a ship in rough seas or riding a flying animal, are affected as follows:

• Missile attacks: Suffer a –4 penalty.
• Spells: Cannot be cast.
• Magic items: Can be used normally.

Note that magical means of flight (e.g. a broom of flying, flying carpet, Fly spell) generally do not count as unstable.

When fighting in or beneath water:

• Penalties: Attack and damage rolls should be penalised.
• Missile weapons: Usually do not work at all underwater.